What is Artificial Intelligence?

 Before we dive deep into the world of artificial intelligence, first let's get to know "intelligence".

what is Intelligence?

Although there is no agreed definition of intelligence. but we managed to get a few definitions from some dictionaries.

By the Collin English dictionary, intelligence is the ability to think, reason, and understand instead of doing things automatically or by instinct.

By the MacMillan dictionary, it is the ability to understand and think about things, and to gain knowledge about them, and also use this knowledge.

According to the Britannica dictionary, it is the mental quality that consists of the ability to learn from experience, adapt to new situations, understand and handles abstract concepts, and use knowledge to manipulate one's environment.

So, we could say intelligence is the ability to learn or understand or to deal with new situations, reason, and the skilled use of reason.

Artificial Intelligence

Artificial intelligence abbreviated as AI sometimes called machine intelligence is demonstrated by machines.

The term "artificial intelligence" was coined by McCarthy when he held the first academic conference on the subject. But the journey to understand if machines can think began much before that. 

In Vanner Bush's seminal work, as we may think he proposed a system that amplifies people's own knowledge and understanding. Five years later Alan Turing (Probably you might have heard that name before) wrote a paper on notions of machines being able to simulate human beings and the ability to do intelligent things, such as playing chess. The  AI books define this field as the study of intelligent agents. Any device that perceives the environment and takes action that maximizes its chance of successfully achieving its goals. Colloquially, the term artificial intelligence is often used to describe machines or we should or we should say computers that mimic cognitive functions that we associate with the human mind, such as learning and problem-solving. In simpler words, artificial intelligence is the ability of a digital computer or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks commonly associated with intelligent beings like us.

Artificial intelligence(AI) makes it possible for machines to learn from experience, adjust to new inputs and perform human-like tasks, most AI examples that you hear today-from chess-playing computers to self-driving cars rely heavily on deep learning and natural language processing. Using these technologies, computers can be trained to accomplish specific tasks by processing large amounts of data and recognize the pattern in the data. While Hollywood movies and science fiction novels depict AI as human-like robots that take over the world, the current evolution of AI technologies isn't that scary or quite that smart. Instead, AI has evolved to provide many specific benefits in every industry.

Early AI research in the 1950s explored topics like problem solving and symbolic methods. In the 1960s, the United States Department of Defense took interest in this type of work and began training computers to mimic basic human reasoning. For Example, the defense advanced research project agency(DARPA) completed street mapping projects in the 1970s and DARPA produced intelligent personal assistants in 2003, before Siri, Alexa or Cortana were household names. This early work paved the way for the automation and formal reasoning that we see in computers today, including decision support systems and smart search systems that can be designed to complement and augment human abilities.

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